Highway-Sag Curves
There are four different criteria for establishing length of sag vertical curves which includes: headlight sight distance, passenger comfort, drainag…
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Highway-Crest Curves
The minimum lengths of crest curves based on sight distance criteria generally are satisfactory from the view of safety, comfort, and appearance. An …
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Highway-Grades
Grades should be as flat as possible as it permits all vehicles to operate at the same speed. Steeper grades produce variation in speeds between ligh…
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Derivation of FEM for Fixed End Beam
Fixed end moment (FEM) is important to determine the reaction forces in statically indeterminate beam, such as propped cantilever and fixed end beam.…
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Highway-Types of Terrain
The topography of the land has an influence on the alignment of roads and streets. It affects horizontal alignment, but it has an even more pronounc…
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Highway-Curve Widening
On smaller radius horizontal curves, traffic lanes may need to be widened in order to maintain the lateral clearances that apply to vehicles on strai…
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Force Method for Truss
Force method can be used to solve for a statically indeterminate truss. In this example, we use a truss with excessive member for illustration. The s…
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Highway-Superelevation Tables
The maximum superelevation rates are controlled by climate conditions, terrain, type of area (rural or urban) & frequency of slow-moving vehicle.…
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Highway-Superelevation
Methods of Attaining Superelevation: - 1. Crowned Travelled Way Revolved About Centreline 2. Crowned Travelled Way Revolved about Inside Edge 3. …
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