When the applied horizontal load and moment lie within the yield surface, horizontal displacement and rotation will occur at the head of pile. The …
Read more1mW Structural Design 004 Ultimate Limit State Ultimate limit state focuses on the safety of structure and its occupants. There are four ultimate lim…
Read moreWhen a pile is subjected to horizontal load, soil adjacent to the pile will form a passive wedge. The failure mode of a pile depends on whether the…
Read more1mW Structural Design 003 Partial Factor Method of Verification In structural analysis and design, the design value should be obtained by applying pa…
Read moreThe overall stiffness of a piled raft system is the combination of vertical stiffnesses of raft and pile group. The use of piled raft system will r…
Read moreOrifice is an opening on the wall of container that allows the liquid inside to be discharged as free jet. The actual flow of this liquid jet often d…
Read moreRaft foundation with high breadth to thickness ratio is flexible and the settlement tends to increase towards the center of raft. The maximum diffe…
Read more1mW Structural Design 002 Permanent and Variable Actions Actions acting on structure are categorized based on the variation of their magnitude with r…
Read moreClosely spaced pad or strip footings will improve the capacity of the adjacent footings compared to that of an isolated footing. In coarse-grained …
Read moreManometer is a device that measures liquid pressure based on the height of the liquid column. It can be categorized as simple and differential manome…
Read moreDifferential settlement may cause damages in terms of architectural, structural or functional. Angular distortion usually associated with different…
Read more1mW Structural Design 001 Structural Design Requirements The design working life of structure varies with its intended function. Throughout the life…
Read moreWhen designing foundation system for a building, there are several feasible options. Where shallow foundation is preferred, one of the most common …
Read morePressure is calculated by dividing force with the surface area it exerts on. By Pascal’s Law, pressure acting on the surface of fluid will be transmi…
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