Closely spaced pad or strip footings will improve the capacity of the adjacent footings compared to that of an isolated footing.
In coarse-grained
soil, interaction of adjacent footings can be neglected when the centre-to-centre
spacing is greater than 3 times the width for soil with friction angle of 30
degree, and 5 times the width if the friction angle is 40 degree.
In undrained soil,
the limit is merely 1 times the width.
On the other hand,
the overall settlement of foundation system increases when the interaction
between adjacent footings is significant.
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