For hydrograph studies, we usually prefer a single peaked skew distribution of discharge over time, resulted from an isolated storm.
A simple hydrograph can be segmentized into three major parts. The first one is rising limb, where the discharge through a stream increases with time, until it reaches an inflection point. Water storage within the catchment increases during this stage. The slope of the limb at the early stage is usually milder than that for later stage. The second major part is crest segment. This is where we can find the peak runoff discharge from a storm. The next part is known as recession limb. At this stage, the water storage built previously starts to drain out.
The shape of hydrograph is influenced by both physiographic and climatic factors. Physiographic factors revolve around the catchment characteristics, such as the shape and size of catchment, as well as components within, namely drainage, land cover, slope and urbanization. Climatic factors are all about the storm characteristics, including the rainfall intensity, storm duration and movement.
The following shows some information about a hydrograph. Watch the video above for full details.
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